Either punish or show them kindness - Quran Chapter 18 – 86 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1912) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 86 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1912) درس قرآن

Either punish or show them kindness

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ ٱلشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَغْرُبُ فِى عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَوَجَدَ عِندَهَا قَوْمًا قُلْنَا يَٰذَا ٱلْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّآ أَن تُعَذِّبَ وَإِمَّآ أَن تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْنًا 86

86.  Till, when he reached the setting-place of the sun, he found it setting in a muddy spring, and found a people thereabout. We said: O Dhu’l-Qarneyn! Either punish or show them kindness.

86.  Hattaaa  ‘izaa  balaga  magri-bash-shamsi  wajadahaa  tagrubu  fii  ‘aynin  hami-‘atinw-wa  wajada  ‘indahaa  Qawmaa.  QulNaa  yaa-Zal-Qarnayni  ‘immaaa  ‘an  tu-‘azziba  wa  ‘immaaa  ‘an  tat-takhiza  fiihim  husnaa.

        

Commentary

Hami-‘atin – (muddy, marsh, slime), this word is an adjective which has been derived from ha-ma-‘a. Another word hama-‘un has come out from the same which has passed in Surah ‘Al-Hajr.

Once, Dhu’l-Qarneyn came out along with enough equipment; having intention to see that whether the earth ends anywhere or otherwise. At first he turned unto the west and began to journey. On the go; at last he reached such place where there was only marsh and muddy spring as far as he looked ahead. Neither there was any path for going forth on foot, nor for riding and nor any ship could be launched. Eventually he stopped there. When the sun set, it seemed that it had been setting in the same muddy spring. When he saw right and left, near them there was a village. Some people had been dwelling at such very far off place, separate from entire other people of the world.

Dhu’l-Qarneyn observed: These people have been passing their lives in ignorance. I can slay all of them and possess everything of theirs. I can do also that I should cause to know them living like human beings, explain the formulae of Justice among one another mutually and show them the Path of Belief; by which their life after death may be arranged. Allah Almighty produced these both thoughts in his heart and described him: A powerful and strong person can treat the weak people in both ways. By using his force he can torment them and give pain. As well as, by sympathizing; he can shower kindness and bounties upon them also. Now you can behave with them as you wish, by it; you will be examined.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/C2EWXU78mdk

Means of access to every thing - Quran Chapter 18 – 83 to 85 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1911) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 83 to 85 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1911) درس قرآن

Means of access to every thing

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَيَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَن ذِى ٱلْقَرْنَيْنِ قُلْ سَأَتْلُوا۟ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْهُ ذِكْرًا 83

 إِنَّا مَكَّنَّا لَهُۥ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُ مِن كُلِّ شَىْءٍ سَبَبًا 84

 فَأَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا 85

83.  They ask thee of Dhu’l-Qarneyn. Say: I shall recite unto you an account of him. 84.  Lo! We made him strong in the land and gave him the means of (access to) every thing. 85.  Then he set forth on a certain course.

83.  Wa  yas-‘aluunaka  ‘an-  Zil-Qarnayn.  Qul  sa-‘atluu  ‘alay-kum-minhu  zikraa. 84.  ‘Innaa  makkanNaa  lahuu  fil-‘arzi  wa  ‘aatayNaa-hu  min  kulli  shay-‘in  sababaa.  85.  Fa-‘atba-‘a  sababaa.

        

Commentary

Zil-Qarnayn – (lord of the two horns i.e. east and west) – this is an epithet of Alexander the Great. The word Qarn has many meanings, for example; century, period, horn etc. Here it aims – the matter, attribute or token; which belonged to Zulqarnain only. He was a slave of Allah Almighty during old days; who was respected by entire people of his time. They used to get ready for his obedience immediately. Therefore, he had so much power that the equipment which he used to desire for doing any work, was arranged easily. Opinion of maximum people is that he was a king before the historical era. And because the population of the world had been spreading up to very distant areas, so he was fond of travelling in the earth, so that he may help such people to the best of his ability; who need help of any kind. And if they have been going wrong, then they should be shown the Right Path.

MakkanNaa – (We made him strong), it is past tense from the word tamkiin, origin of which is ma-ka-na. Makaanun means “place, grade”. Tamkiin means “to bestow a dignity”.

Sababa – (means of working and required things), that is to say; it was easy for him to get things and manpower for doing any work.

It is commanded: They ask you about Dhu’l-Qarneyn. You should tell them that he was a powerful person of his time and We had made him king of a country. And We had arranged some things for him to do whatsoever he wished to do. Then he collected means during different times for doing different works. And when the means of any work were collected, then he completed it. Obviously mention of his good works is a lesson for others. And that lesson is: That individual should do good works who has authority. For this purpose, it is not necessary to know that who was this person and where did he perform.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/3nrWfxgAvgE

A treasure beneath the wall - Quran Chapter 18 – 82 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1910) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 82 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1910) درس قرآن

A treasure beneath the wall

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَأَمَّا ٱلْجِدَارُ فَكَانَ لِغُلَٰمَيْنِ يَتِيمَيْنِ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَ تَحْتَهُۥ كَنزٌ لَّهُمَا وَكَانَأَبُوهُمَا صَٰلِحًا فَأَرَادَ رَبُّكَ أَن يَبْلُغَآ أَشُدَّهُمَا وَيَسْتَخْرِجَا كَنزَهُمَا رَحْمَةً مِّن رَّبِّكَ وَمَا فَعَلْتُهُۥ عَنْ أَمْرِى ذَٰلِكَ تَأْوِيلُ مَا لَمْ تَسْطِع عَّلَيْهِ صَبْرًا 82

82.  And as for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the city, and there was beneath it a treasure belonging to them, and their father had been righteous, and thy Lord intended that they should come to their full strength and should bring forth their treasure as a mercy from their Lord; and I did it not upon my own command. Such is the interpretation of that wherewith thou couldst not bear.

82.  Wa  ‘ammal-jidaaru  fakaana  li-gulaamayni  yatiimayni  fil-Madiinati  wa  kaana  tahta-huu  kanzul-lahumaa  wa  kaana  ‘abuuhumaa  saalihaa.  Fa-‘araada  Rabbuka  ‘any-yablugaaa  ‘ashudda-humaa  wa  yastakhrijaa  kanzahumaa  rahmatam-mir-Rabbik.  Wa  maa  fa-‘altuhuu  ‘an  ‘amrii.  Zaalika  ta’-wiilu  maa  lam  tas-ti’-  ‘alayhi  sabraa. (Section 11)

        

Commentary

In this verse, Khizar (peace be upon him) explained about the reason of the Third Incident. He said: I saved the wall by repairing, which was upon the point of falling into ruin, because if it would fall; no person of the township will take care of it and in the process of time; it will be effaced, and none would remember that where the wall did exist. Whereas it is necessary to keep it in mind, because a treasure has been lying beneath it which belongs to two orphan boys of the same township; whose father was a righteous and careful for the members of his family. He buried his Savings beneath this wall, so that when his children would become matured then the buried treasure would be useful for them. Those both orphans are still minor.

Allah Almighty has decided according to His Knowledge and Philosophy that when the both boys will become adult then after finding; they will bring forth the treasure for their personal use. It is upon them Mercy of Allah Almighty Who is Lord of mine, yours and of the entire living beings.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/wj5FJM1cQDI

Fear of oppressing parents by rebellion - Quran Chapter 18 – 80 & 81 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1909) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 80 & 81 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1909) درس قرآن

Fear of oppressing parents by rebellion

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

وَأَمَّا ٱلْغُلَٰمُ فَكَانَ أَبَوَاهُ مُؤْمِنَيْنِفَخَشِينَآ أَن يُرْهِقَهُمَا طُغْيَٰنًا وَكُفْرًا 80

فَأَرَدْنَآ أَن يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُ زَكَوٰةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا 81

80.  And as for the lad, his parents were Believers and we feared lest he should oppress them by rebellion and disbelief. 81.  And we intended that their Lord should change him for them for one better in purity and nearer to mercy.

80.  Wa  ‘ammal-gulaamu  fa-kaana  ‘abawaahu  Mu’-minayni  fa-khashiinaaa  ‘any-yurhi-qahumaa  tug-yaananw-wa  kufraa. 81.  Fa-‘aradnaaa  ‘any-yubdila-humaa  Rabbu-humaa  khayram-minhu  zakaatanw-wa  ‘aqraba  ruhmaa.

        

Commentary

Yurhi-qu – (being hard upon, oppressing), meaning of this word has been explained in Lesson 1904.

Ruhma – (mercy, kindness), this word has been derived from rahmatun, which means pity i.e. such behavior which is due to mercy.

It is commanded: Khizar (peace be upon him) described the story of that lad to Moses (peace be upon him), who was slain by Him that his parents; father and mother (both) were very fortunate of good disposition. They believed in Allah Almighty and used to worship Him. This boy was born in their home, about whom I was inspired from Allah Almighty that when this boy will be elder, his manners and habits will not be good. His parents will be irritated due to his wicked deeds. So death of that boy is better than his life. Although his parents will suffer a shock of his death, but this shock is nothing opposite to grief of that entire life which they will have to suffer due to his living. It was the reason that I was commanded to kill the lad at the spot. And it was revealed that Allah Almighty will give another child in exchange who will be fortunate of good disposition, who will be better than him in habits and manners, and he will satisfy them by his obedience. I am innocent in his slaying just like any other accident would have happened.

There is a lesson in it that the mankind should consider on death of any close relative that Allah Almighty desires so. Therefore one should neither complain and nor make a noise on such occasions.  

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/a7bjAiMWPD8

Reason of breaking the ship - Quran Chapter 18 – 79 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1908) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 79 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1908) درس قرآن

Reason of breaking the ship

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

أَمَّا ٱلسَّفِينَةُفَكَانَتْ لِمَسَٰكِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِى ٱلْبَحْرِ فَأَرَدتُّ أَنْ أَعِيبَهَا وَكَانَ وَرَآءَهُم مَّلِكٌ يَأْخُذُ كُلَّ سَفِينَةٍ غَصْبًا 79

79.  As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working on the river, and I wished to mar it, for there was a king behind them who is taking every ship by force.

79.  ‘Ammas-safiinatu  fakaa-nat  li-masaakiina  ya’-maluuna  fil-bahri  fa-‘arattu  ‘an  ‘a-‘iiba-haa  wa  kaana  waraaa-‘ahum-malikuny-ya’-khuzu  kulla  safiinatin  gasbaa.

        

Commentary

Waraaa-‘a – (at distance, further off, beyond, behind, on the other side), it aims - on which direction the ship was proceeding, further off on that side, there was a cruel king, who used to either snatch every that ship which was in good condition or compel into service without pay.

The actual matter is that even after collection of goods, any work is performed at that time when Allah Almighty permits that it should be done, otherwise it cannot be done. In such condition, sometimes there may be any apparent reason and sometimes any hidden force. Here, to save the ship from the cruel king, Khizar (peace be upon him) was appointed as a reason. In this verse, Khizar (peace be upon him) is saying to Moses (peace be upon him): It was approved by Allah Almighty that the ship should be broken a little by my hand, so that it may be safe and sound from the control of that cruel king, and some poor people’s source of earning may not lose from them for always.

Khizar (peace be upon him) is going to say: The ship belonged to some poor and hard working people, who used to row the ship in the river for passengers, receive fare charges from them and manage provisions for themselves. At the time of disembarkation, I broke one plank of the ship, because if it were faultless, then after going forth a little, the cruel king (who had appointed his men for the same purpose ahead on the river bank) would have snatched it from them.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/g962-QQROrg

The Law and God’s Philosophy - Quran Chapter 18 – 78 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1907) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 78 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1907) درس قرآن

The Law and God’s Philosophy

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

قَالَ هَٰذَا فِرَاقُ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنِكَ سَأُنَبِّئُكَ بِتَأْوِيلِ مَا لَمْ تَسْتَطِع عَّلَيْهِ صَبْرًا 78

78.  He said: There is the parting between thee and me! I will announce unto thee the interpretation of that thou couldst not bear with patience.

78.  Qaala  haazaa  firaaqu  baynii  wa  baynik.  Sa-‘unabbi-‘uka  bi-ta’-wiili  maa  lam  tastati’-  ‘alayhi  sabraa.

        

Commentary

Ta’-wiil – (interpretation, last aim), it means “perfect explanation of any work or matter”.

When Messenger Moses (peace be upon him) could not prevent himself from objecting at the third stage too, then according to the condition produced by himself, Khizar (peace be upon him) said to him: That’s all! Companionship among you and me has been finished now. As you had promised yourself, now you cannot bear with me. So Good Bye! But before parting, I shall tell you actual aim and perfect object of those works; which you could not see with patience.

In the verse next to the above, Khizar (peace be upon him) explains the reasons that why those works were committed, which he did in the companionship of Moses (peace be upon him). Summary of those works is that “Allah Almighty commanded to Khizar (peace be upon him) to do those works on account of some particular reasons.

He (peace be upon him) did not do any work at his own. If he had committed any of those works in accordance with his own wish or sensual passions, then he would be sinner in the Court of God Almighty. At the spot his position was only of means. If He (Allah Almighty) wished; He was able to make the ship useless by any accident, slay the boy by any other disaster or take the work of repairing the wall from someone else. But He made Khizar (peace be upon him) a source of those occurrences instead of any other cause. And he (peace be upon him) was informed also about the philosophy of those occurrences. And He sent Moses (peace be upon him) to behold those works with his eyes.    

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/ZfI_hk4N0Zs

Asking for food - Quran Chapter 18 – 77 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1906) درس قرآن

Quran Chapter 18 – 77 (Pt-16, Stg-4) (L-1906) درس قرآن

Asking for food

Chapter Kahf (The Cave) – 18

‘A-‘uu-zu  Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in God from Satan the outcast)

Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful)

فَٱنطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَتَيَآ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ٱسْتَطْعَمَآ أَهْلَهَا فَأَبَوْا۟ أَن يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَن يَنقَضَّفَأَقَامَهُۥ قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتَ لَتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا 77

77.  So they both journeyed on till, when they came unto the folk of a certain township, they asked its folk for food, but they refused to make them guests. And they found therein a wall upon the point of falling into ruin, and he repaired it. (Moses) said: If thou hadst wished, thou couldst have taken payment for it.

77.  Fantalaqaa.  Hattaaa  ‘izaaa  ‘atayaaa  ‘ahla-  qaryati-nistat-‘a-maaa  ‘ahlahaa  fa-‘abow  ‘any-yuzayyifuu-humaa  fa-wajadaa  fiihaa  jidaarany-yuriidu  ‘any-yanqazza  fa-‘aqaamah.  Qaala  law  shi’-ta  lattakhazta  ‘alayhi  ‘ajraa.

        

Commentary

‘Any-yuzayyifuu – (that they make guests), this word has been derived from “taz-yiifun”. Actually this word was yuzayyifuuna, but due to use of the word “‘an” before this word, the last “na” has been removed. Origin of this word is zayf, which means “a guest”. Taz-yiifun means “to make guest, to entertain the guest, to feed”.

Then they moved forth and arrived at a township. The people of that township did neither accept them as guests and nor arranged provision for Khizar, Moses (peace be upon them) and their tired companions. Even that they asked them for their requirement, nevertheless, they were not entertained. It was obvious clearly that the people of the township were not at all deserving of any sympathy.

Even on this, Khizar (peace be upon him) stopped near a wall in their township which was upon the point of falling into ruin and he engaged in its maintenance. He (peace be upon him) continued working on it till it had become straight and strong again.

Beholding this all, Moses (peace be upon him) was very surprised. He (peace be upon him) felt that Khizar (peace be upon him) misbehaved with the owner of the ship by breaking his ship after disembarkation, who transported them across the river free of fare. Whereas, remuneration of disregarding and inhuman behavior by these ill-mannered people of the township was that he (peace be upon him) reconstructed their such wall without getting labor charges; which was near to fall. It came out from the mouth of Moses (peace be upon him) thoughtlessly: These inhuman people did never deserve this favor which you performed. At least you could have taken wages of your work. Now they will have no perception that their inhuman behavior was unreasonable.

Transliterated Holy Qur’an in Roman Script & Translated from Arabic to English by Marmaduke Pickthall, Published by Paak Company, 17-Urdu Bazaar, Lahore, Lesson collected from Dars e Qur’aan published By Idara Islaah wa Tableegh, Lahore (translated Urdu to English by Muhammad Sharif). https://youtu.be/y1aeNDSgDu0