Quran Chapter
33: Intro (Pt-21,
Stg-5) (L-2571) درس قرآن
Preliminary note on
Chapter - 33
Chapter “’Al-‘Ahzaab” - (The Clans) - 33
‘A-‘uu-zu Billaahi minash-Shay-taanir- Rajiim.
(I seek refuge in Allaah
from Satan the outcast)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
Bis-Millaahir-Rah-maanir-Rahiim.
(In the name of Allaah, the Beneficent, the Merciful)
In accordance with the arranged order, this is 33rd
Chapter of Holy Qur’an, which was revealed in Madinah during 5th
to 7th year of Hijrah. The name of this Chapter is Suratul-‘Ahzaab,
which contains nine Sections. The events of that Battle has been discussed in
this Chapter which is called “The Battle of The Clans”. It is named “The Battle
of Ditch” also because the Infidels assembled and attacked on Madinah
collectively. Messenger of Allaah Almighty (grace, glory, blessings and
peace be upon him) commanded to dig a trench for safety on that side of Madinah,
from which there was fear of attack by the Infidels of Makkah. It
happened that a Jewish tribe of Madinah, named Banu Naziir was banished from Madinah
because they opposed the Treaty. At first, some people of them went to Idolaters
of Makkah, met with the Chieftains of Nomad Tribe of Ghatfaan (a
great Bedouin Tribe of Makkah) and excited them that they all should
attack on Madinah collectively. They said also: We shall help you.
Consequently, entire Tribes of Qureysh and Ghatfaan attacked on Madinah
collectively. Those were nearly twelve thousand men who assaulted with the
intention to destroy Madinah.
On advice of Salman Persian (May Allaah be pleased
with him), the Messenger (grace, glory, blessings and peace be upon him) dug a Ditch
along with his Companions (May Allaah be pleased with them) around Madinah,
came out from the Township and an Army of three thousand Muslims was gathered
at a bank of the Ditch. At other bank of the Ditch, the Infidels halted and
between the both Armies, there was the Ditch. The Infidels shooted arrows for
one month continually on the Muslims. The Muslims were afraid that they would
attack at any time suddenly.
On other side, another Tribe of Jews, named Banu Qurayzah
broke their Treaty with Muslims and joined the Infidels, who could attack on Madinah
from behind, but they were waiting that when they would observe signs of Infidels’
victory, then they also would attack from other side. Then the Muslims had to
toil double for safety of their houses too.
Apparently that was very tough time on the Muslims, but Allaah
Almighty helped them. A severe and cool wind came from the Sea side and it
became difficult for the Infidels to stay. At first, the people of Qureysh
were confused and turned away on advice of Abu Sufiyan, then the people
of Ghatfaan followed them and the Muslims felt themselves easy. After
being contented from this perplexity, the Muslims besieged the Tribe of Banu
Qurayzah immediately. After twenty five days, they admitted their defeat. The
Chieftain of the Tribe of Banu Aws, named Sa’d son of Ma’aaz
(May Allaah be pleased with him) was appointed to decide that how should
be behaved with Banu Qurayzah.
He (May Allaah be pleased with him) judged: Men of Banu
Qurayzah should be slain, their women and children should be made
prisoners, their wealth and goods should be distributed among the Muslims.
Moreover, there are Commandments in the Chapter about adopted
children, care for Muslim women when they go out of their homes, veil and other
precious advices.
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